Summary and Bibliography of Chapter 8

1. New enzymic processes are being developed and new uses are being devised for currently available industrial enzymes.
2. New enzymes are being produced by classical means and 'by design'.
3. Protein engineering offers great promise for the future but needs the development of a stronger theoretical base.

References and Bibliography

1. Cambou, B. & Klibanov, A. M. (1984). Unusual catalytic properties of usual enzymes. In Enzyme engineering, vol. 5, ed. A. I. Laskin, G. T. Tsao & L. B. Wingard Jr, pp. 219-23. New York: New York Academy of Sciences.
2. Lerner, R. A. & Tramontano, A., (1987). Antibodies as enzymes. Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 12, 427-30.
3. Lowe, C. R. (1981). Immobilised coenzymes. In Topics in enzyme and fermentation biotechnology, vol. 5, ed. A. Wiseman, pp. 13-146. Chichester: Ellis Horwood Ltd.
4. Manson, M.-A. & Mosbach, K. (1987). Immobilised active coenzymes. Methods in Enzymology, 136, 3-9.
5. Mutter, M. (1988). Nature's rules and chemist's tools: a way for creating novel proteins. Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 13, 260-5.
6. Peberdy, J. F. (1987). Genetic engineering in relation to enzymes. In Biotechnology, vol. 7a Enzyme technology, ed. J. F. Kennedy, pp. 325-44, Weinheim: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH.
7. Pike, V. W. (1987). Synthetic enzymes. In Biotechnology, vol. 7a Enzyme technology, ed. J. F. Kennedy, pp. 465-85, Weinheim: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH.
8. Puhler, A. & Heumann, W. (1981). Genetic engineering. In Biotechnology, vol. 1, ed. H.-J. Rehm & G. Reed, pp. 331-54, Weinheim: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH.
9. Querol, E. & Parrila, A. (1987). Tentative rules for increasing the thermostability of enzymes by protein engineering. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 9, 238-244.
10. Shaw, W. V. (1987). Protein engineering: the design, synthesis and characterisation of factitious proteins. Biochemical Journal, 246, 1-17.
11. Wells, J. A. & Estell, D. A. (1988). Subtilisin-an enzyme designed to be engineered. Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 13, 291-7.
12. Winter, G. & Fersht, A. R. (1984). Engineering enzymes. Trends in Biotechnology, 2, 115-19.
13. Wiseman, A. & Dalton, H., (1987). Enzymes versus enzyme-mimetic systems for biotechnological applications. Trends in Biotechnology, 5, 241-4.

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